Desenho urbano e violência: um estudo de caso no bairro Ponta da Terra em Maceió, AL.

Abstract

The increase in urban violence in Brazil became a frequent subject in the media and the general fear changes the constructed space to reflect and produce even more insecurity. The city has changed, individuals are isolated and ancient streets that were crowded are now lifeless spaces, further causing this feeling of insecurity. Within this context this work seeks to understand how urban design can help prevent various forms of violence that occur on city streets. To better understand this, maps were initially performed with the spatial data of violence in the city of Maceió, which formed the basis for the choice of the study area. The process resulted in the selection of the Ponta da Terra neighbourhood, for some features like great movement and a variety of uses, and its data violence is small compared to the data of the neighbourhoods that surround it. The analysis was done with maps, interviews to understand the perception of residents regarding violence in the neighborhood, and using criteria of CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Enviromental Design), where the physical, functional and environmental characteristics of areas were analyzed. This dissertation aims to discuss the influence of spatial factors in the local crime such as block sizes, lighting distribution and existence of shields that prevent or hinder the view of passers-by, among other things. The problem should be seen in a larger context, the city, the state, the country so that the intervention in an area does not lead to increased crime in another, since the lack of space planning could only move the crimes to other areas. Public policies must be integrated in orderto meet the basic needs of the population and public safety one.