Vivência de acolhimento por mulheres vítimas de estupro que buscam os serviços de saúde

Abstract

The following study has as its object the refuge to women victims of rape in the health services. Violence against women is a complex phenomenon with roots in inequality of gender, showing repercussion on the lives of those who has experienced it, making it a health problem with substantial prevalence and incidence. Sexual violence is one of the expressions of violence against women, and it involves rape, sexual violation by fraud and sexual harassment. This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach that aims to understand the experience of female rape victims in search for health care in the network that assists women in situation of sexual violence. 11 women, aged over 18 years were interviewed, with rape report, assisted in the clinic of a maternity-hospital, reference to support women in situation of sexual violence in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Ethical aspects were respected, based on Resolution 196/96 and 466 /2012 of the Brazilian Health Council approved by the Research Ethics Committee from Federal University of Alagoas under No. 16313413.9.0000.5013, the data collection was held between the months of July and November in 2013. The data were organized with support of Minayo’s content analysis, based on the following categories: (De) Access to health care, (De) Home in health services; Rape implications in women's health. Although the respondents declared they have been well received in healthcare centers, especially for the attention given by doctors and nurses, the study revealed a disordered flow, triggering inverted services and unnecessary movement. It draws attention to the fact that professional referral services are unaware of the flowing treatment of women in situation of sexual violence and improperly associate the Police Report to health care situations, prolonging women's access to health interventions. Concerning spaces of health care in reference to women in situations of sexual violence, women complain of delay in emergency care service and the lack of privacy at that point, and highlights the institutional violence and the need for better preparation of the staff in charge of the service. The study reveals that the experience of women who suffer rape and seek care in health services is marked by many challenges, from the long lonely way to reach the referenced services, until the assistance’s fragmentation, the suffering related to the side effects of medication and the ache associated to the violence. This whole experience favors a re-victimization process of the woman, who already carries the rape trauma. We believe that this study provides contributions to scientific, academic, political and social environment, because it gives important information to produce subsidies on the theme and allows redefinition in the assistance for women in situation of sexual violence, especially rape victims.