A inclusão das mulheres no jiu-jitsu numa perspectiva histórico-social das relações de gênero

Abstract

This study deals with the process of including women in jiu-jitsu as a tool for social inclusion in the face of patriarchal dominance in society, reflected in the sport. It aims to discuss the social representation of women in society, permeated by the dominance of men and their interference in the inclusion and access of women in the world of jiu-jitsu, maintaining a dialogue with the literature that deals with gender issues. The methodology adopted is of a qualitative nature, with the core of identifying the factors that determined the incidence of this phenomenon, analyzing the process of athletes of national and international renown, under an ex post facto approach, through the analysis of 18 questionnaires about the experiences of black belts in jiu-jitsu, highlighting in particular: any type of experience of gender confrontation, discrimination, harassment and violence. We tried to observe the characteristics and peculiarities of the formation processes of these women black belts, promoting gender discussions and inclusion in this modality, contributing to the deconstruction of the stereotype of fragility and delimitation of corporeality by society and legislation that reinforce this inequality in sport. As a result, 18 black belt women were researched, 61% of them teachers of the activity, 22% athletes and 17% practitioners, all over 18 years of age and distributed between the age groups of 24 to 43 years of age, ethnically identified as being 45 % white, 44% brown and 11% afro-descendant, with salary range defined as 39% earning 3 minimum wages, 17% between 2 and 3 minimum wages, 28% eaming 2 minimum wages, 5% in the range of 1 minimum wage, 5% in the range of less than 1 minimum wage and 6% preferred not to declare. It is verified the importance of the physical education professional who works with jiu-jitsu, who, in this aspect, adds his knowledge of the theoretical base acquired in the graduation, in the pedagogy of the sport and transversality of the gender discussion and its reflexes on the professional posture, making it possible to combine the teaching of the modality in facing the social barriers faced by women in jiu-jitsu, frequent in this sporting practice, consequently, generating progress in sport and in society, enabling the development and professionalization of the female modality, leading to empowerment, autonomy and representativeness in the sports training process, encouraging adherence and access for practitioners and future athletes, opening up equal professional opportunities for women in sports.