Análise de viabilidade técnica e econômica de tratamento de esgotos descentralizados : uma revisão bibliométrica

Abstract

In many countries, such as Brazil, less than half of the total population uses the sanitation structure, with the less favored class and the population of small towns being the most affected. An alternative to this problem is the use of decentralized treatment systems, which still raise many questions regarding the feasibility of implementation and operation, especially in technical and economic terms. Therefore, this study consisted of the use of bibliometric analysis, using the Scopus database as a data source to gather the most relevant journals, refining them by area of interest, to obtain significant results that can help in the feasibility analysis of these systems of treatment, presenting the degree of consolidation of the theme in the current situation, the progress achieved and the trends for the future. With the research, 686 articles were obtained, published by 160 institutions over a period of 50 years. The increase in interest in the subject was observed from 1995 onwards, the year in which the production of periodicals began to intensify. The studies began with a concern for technical variables, moved on to financial variables and evolved into a joint analysis, even involving environmental aspects in more elaborate tools. There was a growing interest in the sustainability of treatment plants, with the generation of clean energy and reuse of resources, as well as the search for more natural treatment solutions such as Wetlands and stabilization ponds.