O cangaço nordestino a partir da análise de Virgulino Ferreira da Silva, “o Lampião”

Abstract

The cangaço was a violent social movement that existed in the northeastern hinterland for almost a century, it had its heyday in the first three decades of the twentieth century, with the presence of its most skilled leader, the saber, the cangaceiro Virgulino Ferreira da Silva, the " Lamp". The work has the focus on northeastern cangaço studies, centralizing the studies on one of the greatest icons of this period, in addition to discussing the peculiarities that motivated a state of revolt in men, who until then lead a common life, involved with the field work in that period. region. A study of renowned bibliographic works on the cangaceirista movement was carried out, as well as several reports of people of diversity who present a time of these events. The work will present important and relevant points about the cangaceira movement, being discussed in themes, such as, linked to their situation, which is usually in a stronger situation, the predominance of coronelismo was in that period they lived, where the vast majority of people go in extreme poverty, without education, without land to produce their own subsistence, they lived at the mercy of these large estates, “coronels”, who in addition to owning land, also occupied the most important public charges of the period. An issue that will be widely discussed is in relation to the absence of public power, it was, without a doubt, also a contributing factor to the advancement of cangaceira practices, young people from an early age were dragged into this movement, as they saw in the cangaço, a way to fight against that oppressive system of equals. Another topic presented will be the literary importance of Virgulino Ferreira da Silva in relation to the cangaço, which is one of the most important points of this work, since Virgulino was one of the best known icons of the cangaço, bringing great changes to the movement. One of these changes is presented in the female presence, around 1930, Lampião introduced the young beautiful Maria into the bosom of the band, giving room for the other cangaceiros to also bring their companions. The female presence drastically reduced the rape practices that were constant in the cangaceira world. In addition to these issues, the religious issues within the cangaço will also be worked on, since, despite the violence practiced by them, they had an extreme respect for the Catholic Saints. In short, the work will bring up some questions regarding the cangaceira practices and the state's position in relation to these practices.