A importância da análise das demonstrações contábeis no processo de privatização: um estudo de caso na Companhia de Saneamento de Alagoas – CASAL

Abstract

The following research addresses an analysis of the financial statements of Companhia de Saneamento de Alagoas (Alagoas’s Sanitation Company) - CASAL, a company that has been in the brazillian state of Alagoas since 1962 and from that date onwards has been through different sets of economic and financial situations. According to information taken from the company's website: CASAL is responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance of the water supply and sewage systems of population centers in the state of Alagoas. CASAL's main economic activities are the collection, treatment and water distribution. This research aims to verify the company’s economic and financial situation through the analysis of the financial statements. The data presented comes from the Balance Sheet and the exercise's Income Statement for the last 10 years, that is, from 2011 to 2020. Liquidity ratio, indebtedness ratio, profitability ratio, paybacks, solvency ratio, as well as Vertical and Horizontal Analysis, were all evaluated for the analysis; through this evaluation process one could have a broad vision of the economic and financial aspects, which can be fundamental for the process of a possible privatization. The analysis of financial statements is a fundamental tool in the analysis of a company, as it will provide the necessary support to an administration looking for solutions to the problems presented as well to investors who are looking for the best way to make a profit.